AncientPages.com - On May 17, 1970, the reed boat Ra II with Thor Heyerdahl, accompanied by an international crew, set sail from Safi in Morocco on course for Barbados.
Thor Heyerdahl in front of the raft RA11 before the second attempt to crush the Atlantic. The picture was taken in Morocco, date unknown. Photo: Michel Lipchitz/AP
With this expedition, Thor Heyerdahl (1914 – 2002) wanted to prove that one could have used this type of vessel to cross the Atlantic Ocean in ancient times.
Ra II's vessel was built of papyrus by Demetrio, Juan, and Jose Limachi from Lake Titicaca in Bolivia and based on drawings and models from Ancient Egypt.
A year earlier, Heyerdahl built a 45-foot-long copy of an ancient Egyptian papyrus vessel with the aid of traditional boat builders from Lake Chad in Central Africa.
Named after the sun god Ra, the boat was transported to Safi in Morocco, from where it set sail for the Caribbean on May 24, 1969. Defects in design and other sailing problems caused it to founder in July, 600 miles short of its goal.
It had sailed 3,000 miles and had almost made it across the Atlantic Ocean. This time, the expedition was successful.
After a voyage of 57 days and 4,000 miles, the ship arrived in Barbados. The story of this voyage is recorded in the book The Ra Expeditions (1971) and a documentary film.
Additionally, the expedition took samples of marine pollution and presented their report to the United Nations.
Thor Heyerdahl was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a zoology, botany, and geography background. He led the famous Kon-Tiki (1947) and Ra (1969–70) transoceanic scientific expeditions. Both expeditions were intended to prove the possibility of ancient transoceanic contacts between distant civilizations and cultures.
The Ra II in the Kon-Tiki Museum. Image credit: Ralf Roletschek - CC-BY-SA via source
For the most part, Heyerdahl's theories have not been accepted by anthropologists. Late in 1977, Heyerdahl and an international crew embarked upon the Tigris expedition, a four-month, 4,000-mile voyage in a craft made of reeds.
The expedition began on the Tigris River in Iraq, traveled down the Persian Gulf, across the Arabian Sea to Pakistan, and ended in the Red Sea. The goal of the Tigris expedition was to establish the possibility that the ancient Sumerians might have used similar means to spread their culture through southwest Asia and the Arabian Peninsula.
The voyage was recorded in Heyerdahl's book The Tigris Expedition (1979) and a documentary film. He subsequently led research expeditions to the Maldive Islands, Easter Island, and an archaeological site in Peru.
The Ra II is now in the Kon-Tiki Museum in Oslo, Norway.
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