Ellen Lloyd - AncientPages.com - The Pagan Vikings worshipped several gods and goddesses. However, unlike other ancient civilizations, the Vikings had neither an organized priesthood nor a hierarchy of religious leaders. Temples or other religious buildings were also never used when the Pagan Vikings paid tribute to the Norse gods.
So, how did the ancient Vikings worship their gods?
Nature played an important religious role in the lives of Vikings and Norse people. credit: Adobe stock - Nejron Photo
During the Pagan Viking age, it was a common practice in express ones’ respect to the Norse gods according to local customs. This was, in most cases, done on farms. The farmer and his wife led many everyday rituals.
It was always important for the Vikings to be on good terms with the gods. To ensure this, they made “blót” sacrifices. The blot was an important social and religious event, and the Chief was the master of the ceremony. It was an exchange in which people sacrificed to the gods in order to get something back in return. For example, this might be the gods’ goodwill regarding weather, fertility, or luck in battle.
The Vikings gathered for a feast. Sacrifices were made, and the sacred mead flowed freely.
Odin captures Mead of Poetry by Emil Doepler (1900).
All drank in honor of the dead and held a memorial "for the good year and peace". Singing songs and reading poems honoring the gods and ancient heroes was also an important part of the ceremony.
One of the most comprehensive descriptions of a blot sacrifice in the North can be found in Hakon the Good’s Saga, which was written by the Icelander Snorri Sturluson in the 1200s. In his saga, Snorri writes that Sigurd Håkonsson was a very generous man and supplied the whole feast, which he was long remembered for.
Rune stone from Helnæs on Funen. Many rune stones were erected in memory of powerful men. Credit: National Museum of Denmark
It is believed that there were four fixed blot sacrifices a year at the following times: the winter solstice, the spring equinox, the summer solstice, and the autumn equinox. The Vikings also held additional blot sacrifices, for example, if a crisis arose that required help from the gods.
Farms were not the only places used to honor the Norse gods. The Vikings also used certain sacrificial sites because they believed that there was particularly strong contact with the gods at these locations. In Denmark, archaeologists have discovered places such as Tissø in West Zealand and Tyrseng at Viby in Jutland. These were named after Thor, the Norse God of war.
There are also places in Denmark that are named after the great Norse god Odin. However, the Vikings did not use Odin’s name indiscriminately. It was reserved for places of special significance. Onsholt in Aarhus is one such place. Onsholt is a shortening of Odin’s Holt, which means ”Odin’s Wood”
Updated on March 13, 2024
Written by - Ellen Lloyd – AncientPages.com
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